Tradition vs. "Culture" - Where do we draw the line?
  • I have heard many a discussion on this topic - in terms of music, what is "cultural" and what is just plain bad? How do we encourage culture within the context of tradition?

    Being half-Mexican I am personally torn when I see choirs that can barely hold pitch yet strum their guitars on Pescador de Hombres like there's no tomorrow. Can some of this music be kept in parishes as it's deeply a part of culture?? What's to be done with it?

    Some recommendations I have heard are as follows:

    1. Keep the familiar tunes but change the instrumentation so it's more traditional.
    2. Use hymns with instrumentation native to the culture.

    Also - instrumentation...guitars? Percussion instruments?? Maracas, shakers, drums??

    When I say "cultural" I mean music from non-English speaking countries...but even the UK/Australia has its own culture too! Let's not forget that funeral setting of Londonderry Air in the Breaking Bread hymnal...

    Thoughts appreciated.
    Thanked by 1PurpleSquirrel
  • Also - my reason for asking is whether this should be performed in the liturgy.

    Debuttal remarks from friends: "There's so many different styles of worship...the point of worship is to WORSHIP. As long as the music is done well, it doesn't matter."

    This friend recently told me of their first experience hearing saxophone at Mass.

    Is anyone else cringing besides me???
    Thanked by 1PurpleSquirrel
  • CHGiffenCHGiffen
    Posts: 5,193
    Joining the Cringe Fringe with you.
  • Soprano Violin,

    The question to answer is this: does the instrument or the style of music principally recall secular (sometimes even salacious) locales. If it does (as with a saxophone) it has no place at Mass. Period.

    Remember the basic rule that the gift should be suited to the recipient, not the giver only. Whereas a spill on the floor and a damaged picture frame can be exciting to a mom when given by her toddler, one would expect more awareness from an older child.

    Worship which is anthropocentric is, by definition, idol worship. [spelling intentional]

    As to how to change it, if it doesn't belong at Mass, removing it is the best course, not altering it, although I must acknowledge that when I played and directed City of God as written, nobody among the musicians liked it.

    God bless,

    Chris
  • chonakchonak
    Posts: 9,216
    For what it's worth, "Pescador de Hombres" was only composed in 1979, so it's not a long-standing part of anyone's culture.
    Thanked by 2Adam Wood Gavin
  • CHGiffenCHGiffen
    Posts: 5,193
    ... only composed in 1979, so it's not a long-standing part of anyone's culture.

    For those younger than about their early 40s ... or converts like me (from 1982) ... it's a long-standing part of their experience, though.
    Thanked by 1SopranoViolin
  • CharlesW
    Posts: 11,980
    Forgive me if I approach "culture" with a jaundiced eye. I hear so much locally from immigrants, both legal and not, about their wonderful cultures. When I look at those cultures I see political systems that have deprived their citizens of any real freedom, economic systems that have kept their nations in poverty for how many centuries now, and "cultures" that made those homelands so uninhabitable their citizens had to leave their homes. I hope they keep their "culture" and don't share it, since I don't want it to do for me what it has done for them.

    As to music, it is a mistake to accept any collection of music as defining the cultures of all Hispanic countries. Their music is all over the map from untrained and untalented musicians, to some of the best music and musicians in the world. It varies widely from place to place. I would not go to Venezuela and expect to find the same music in worship I would find in Guatemala or Mexico City. I don't see music so much in terms of culture, but in terms of secular and sacred. The secular stuff doesn't belong in church. Chonak is right about "Pescador..." It is contemporary crap.

  • SalieriSalieri
    Posts: 3,177
    Just as English-speaking Catholics have to reclaim their true Catholic culture - Tallis, Byrd, and Tye, as well as the Universal Greats like Palestrina, Victoria, and Josquin; so to Spanish-speaking Catholics: There are so many wonderful pieces from the Mexican Baroque, so many wonderful acapella Motets, that deserve to be revived in Liturgical Worship.

    This is their Catholic heritage, just as Byrd is mine, and there is no just reason to deprive them of this heritage in favour of crappy pseudo-mariachi with lyrics espousing Liberation Theology, just as there is no reason to deprive me of mine in favour of crappy pseudo-folk with lyrics espousing Gender Equality.

    Crap by any other name is still crap.
  • Thanks everyone for your input!

    I guess what I was looking for was what exactly the Church says about this...most church documents I read about music in the OF Mass are so vague (probably rightly so) and really seem like we should leave it up to our best judgment when choosing music. Sing to the Lord from the USCCB is probably the best one that comes to mind.
  • melofluentmelofluent
    Posts: 4,160
    SV, the real issue underlying your question(s) is "Who's 'We?'"
    That has to be asked and answered before lines are "drawn."
    Thanked by 1SopranoViolin
  • CharlesW
    Posts: 11,980
    We all have the same problems. During the late 1960s through the 1970s, the bishops absolved themselves of any responsibility for sacred music. It really went to pot. There is hope since music seems to be coming back to what it should have always been. All of us keep working and praying.
    Thanked by 1SopranoViolin
  • Er, as Maggie Smith might say in one of her notorious scenes: 'um, what is a Pescador de Hombres?'
  • Adam WoodAdam Wood
    Posts: 6,482
    I was at my favorite Mexican restaurant in the DFW Metroplex (Los Molcajetes) a few months ago and there was a Mariachi band. I asked if they knew Pescador de Hombres and they did.

    Wonderful song for eating tacos and drinking margaritas.

    Wait. What were we talking about?
  • I like "Pescador de Hombres," and I'm not sorry about that; It's just it's only really related to the readings somewhere around 1 or 2 weeks per year, but at the Spanish Mass I play weekly (where I don't pick the music), we do it at least 15 weeks a year, sometimes for weeks at a time (don't even ask about "Alabare"). When that happens, anyone would get terribly sick of it, and after several weeks in a row of it, I am sick of it too.

    I talk to the cantors about this (they don't pick the music either; the pastor does and I can't persuade him to loosen his grip) and sometimes the Massgoers too, and those who immigrated often tell me about sacred traditions and music they did in their former countries. It sounds very much like it's a far cry from what we're doing now in the U.S., and they miss it. I wonder sometimes whether anyone's listening to those folks.
  • That's exactly why I ask, Tim, and my feeling exactly (no one listens to those folks). I have similar experiences at my parish, and I wish there was something I could do.

    For the record, my 81-year old grandma loves Pescador de Hombres and loves to sing it - probably one of her all-time favorites. Whether it's appropriate for Mass or not, that's the question. Granted, that's not the only piece in question but just an example...seems like everyone took it and ran with it, lol.

    I wish someone would use the myriad of Flor y Canto "tunes" and make contrapuntal, choral SATB hymn settings with different harmonies...sometimes I wish I were an organist :/
    Thanked by 1CHGiffen
  • SV, the real issue underlying your question(s) is "Who's 'We?'"


    DOM's, of course.
  • Mariachi exists because Mexico was for a time part of the Hapsburg empire. It is a descendant of the European polka brass band. Calling it part of authentic Mexican culture, in the sense that it has roots in the traditional music of the Mexican Volk, is ridiculous. It is the result of a mixing of cultures and influences from different parts of the world. Mariachi is every bit as Euro-centric as any Renaissance or Baroque polyphonic compositions from the great Mexican Cathedrals.

    And the Spanish language comes from .... SPAIN, not from traditional Mexican culture. Anyone trying to pass off Spanish-language brass band and accordion music from the 1800s as somehow intrinsic to Mexican native culture - well, must be singularly ignorant.

    The point of all this is that Mariachi has no more right to be considered "authentically Mexican" and thus a centerpiece of Vatican II "inculturation" than does the Latin polyphonic repertoire in European style of the Mexican Renaissance and Baroque.
    Now, if you can show me authentic indigenous folk music of the various native cultures present in the country now called Mexico, we can have a fruitful discussion of how that music can interact with the Roman Rite.

    The American church's approach to "Latino" music seems incredibly condescending and stereotype-driven to me.
  • And thus the only music that is part of authentic American culture is found in the collections of Frances Densmore, right? If mariachi isn't Mexican, then Frankie Yankovic isn't American.
  • Soprano Violin,

    I have a book here at the house called Papal Legislation on Sacred Music.

    Additionally, in order to implement the regulations (even those in the last 50 years, which sometimes seem vague) one needs to do what is called sentire cum Ecclesia (literally, "to think with the Church"). Here are some examples of what I mean:

    Extraordinary Ministers of Holy Communion are allowed, but should be rare because there should be sufficient priests, who are consecrated (set apart) in part for the confection of the sacraments, and because no one should casually touch the Sacred Host, and because each particle of the Sacred Host contains the whole Christ. No casual attitude with something Holy makes sense.

    Vestments and musical instruments should be of the highest quality, set aside for the work of the Temple of God. Any instrument associated with the purely secular isn't intentionally set aside for the work of the Temple of God. (Look at how most pianos are played at Mass, to see why this makes sense). Majestic instruments -- think brass, because they are associated with royalty and dignity -- are right, and properly used in the Temple of God, but could be disqualified if they are used in such a manner as suggests an entirely secular purpose.

    Since it is impossible (hold your fire, please, and read) for a non-Catholic to "assist" at Mass, even while he can be present in the building while Mass occurs, it logically follows that non-Catholics should not ordinarily exercise liturgical roles. Analogically, a non-baptized person can't receive the other sacraments, even as he can make whatever responses the server makes. He lacks a necessary component. He, similarly can't be a godfather.

    God bless,

    Chris

    Thanked by 1eft94530
  • melofluentmelofluent
    Posts: 4,160
    SV, I suppose my rhetorical question was too subtle.
    The point of it is precisely that "we" DOM's do not make such decisions in a vacuum of pristine aesthetics, and the realm of good artistry and taste doesn't just reside in Anglo/European/American spheres of influence.
    The last time I went to an NPM national, '99 in Pittsburgh, Msgr. Francis X. Mannion held two sessions on his heirachies of models of sacred music. A great deal of those talks hinged upon the Snowbird Statement, of which he was a contributing author. It dealt primarily with the conventions of repertoires from which we select portions for worship. The Snowbird was almost a refutation of the Milwaukee Symposium document of contemporary composers such as H and H.
    The question I wanted to be answered was also rhetorical. I'll set it up-
    You're finishing compiling the national hymnal. You've got one page face to fill left.
    The next two suggested songs/hymns in line are "Pescador" and "Let there be peace on earth." Which one is more suitable? "Pescador," hands down.
    Change the two to "Pescador" and "How great thou art." What's the answer? Why? Who's "We?"
    These are weighty decisions to be deliberated with all perspectives accounted for.
  • Adam WoodAdam Wood
    Posts: 6,482
    Mariachi exists because Mexico was for a time part of the Hapsburg empire. It is a descendant of the European polka brass band.


    So THAT'S why it sounds so much like polka? Is there a connection here to why their beer is so good, too? I've been wondering about this recently...
  • Adam,
    According to Wikipedia, the font of all knowledge:

    "The [Mexican brewing] industry truly began to develop in the latter half of the 19th century, due to an influx of German immigrants to Mexico and the short-lived Second Mexican Empire headed by emperor Maximilian I of Mexico of the House of Habsburg, an Austro-Germanic ruling family. The emperor had his own brewer, who produced Vienna-style dark beers. This influence can be seen in two popular brands of Negra Modelo and Dos Equis Ambar."
  • ...part of the Hapsburg empire...


    Quite!. But to be more precise, it was the Hapsburg Archduke Maximillian propped up by French military of the Second Empire. The French had small instrumental ensembles which played gay music at their weddings, hence 'marriage' becomes 'mariachi'. So, ironically, the mariachi band is Napoleon III's (or Maximillian's) last laugh. The Mexicans hated the occupying French, so they have ended up with the French 'marriage' band as a national institution!

    That's not the only foreign import. The American occupiers during the Mexican-Amercian war often sang a southern folk song, 'Green Grows the Cotton', while marching. From this came the derisive Mexican term, gringos, for their North American neighbours.

    Interesting, too, about the beer!
    Thanked by 2CHGiffen Gavin
  • kenstb
    Posts: 369
    You have all raised very interesting issues which deserve attention. In my neck of the woods, the largest problems in putting together a liturgy in Spanish is that (for the most part) the Latino community is viewed as homogenous. It is not. Much of the music that I have been hearing in so-called Spanish masses is music that probably came out of a prayer group or devotional setting of some kind and is mostly Mexican in rhythm and harmony. The problem is that the people who attend these masses are often not from the same country. There is a wealth of wonderful music in the traditions of many Latino nations (Cuba, Equador, Venezuela and Argentina come to mind) but no one in my area is investigating those sources. The other (and possibly greater) problem that I see is that the level of musicianship which the parishes are willing to hire eliminates the possibility of introducing better local music since the persons strumming guitars in my area are by and large musically illiterate. Sometimes the level of training (or lack of same) of our musicians places a ceiling on the kinds of music that are available for use.
  • Alas, I can't Google any song called "Green grows the cotton". Gringo is in 18c dictionaries, and Wikipedia thinks griego (those who sing Kyrie eleison instead of Señor ten piedad) is the likely etymology. Mariage is apparently even less likely than Marie-H. All very nice stories, though!
    Thanked by 2CHGiffen Adam Wood
  • G
    Posts: 1,400
    "Lilac"
  • Ken,

    Since it's impossible to make a blend of acceptable music for both Columbians and Argentines and Puerto Ricans, use Latin, a language which "belongs" to all of them, equally.
    Thanked by 2kenstb BruceL
  • eft94530eft94530
    Posts: 1,577
    SopranoViolin: I guess what I was looking for was what exactly the Church says about this

    Liturgical Music Document Literacy Challenge
    http://forum.musicasacra.com/forum/discussion/2182/liturgical-music-document-literacy-challenge/p1

    Sing to the Lord from the USCCB
    Before reading it be sure to read Redemptionis Sacramentum # 28

    Some "culture" and "inculturation" quotes ...
    http://forum.musicasacra.com/forum/discussion/3545/inculturation-what-is-it/p1

    Some 1965-1966-1967 primary source quotes ...
    http://forum.musicasacra.com/forum/discussion/comment/23843#Comment_23843
  • Eft, that really helps! Thanks so much.
    Thanked by 1eft94530
  • Richard -

    My apologies if the tales I repeated don't hold water. They were both told to me by an Anglican-now-Catholic priest friend decades ago; a priest, who, to boot, was something of an admirer of Mexican piety. If the etymology is wrong, it still holds, I think, that the mariachi band was fashioned after informal French military ensembles. Wherever they came from they don't belong at mass! If I were a young man of Spanish heritage I would be deeply embarrased and really wonder if that was the best thing we had to offer to God.
  • Here is my tuppence worth -

    I think a large part of this comes from the Mass being the only worship that most people attend, instead of the summit, where the base of the mountain consists of LOTH, pious devotions, prayers at home, Benediction, processions, charismatic praise meetings, etc etc.

    There is lots of music associated with those things which are good and proper in their place, but not for the Mass liturgy where the Propers are mainly a meditation on Scripture, supported by chant. For example some people would love us to play the same music we play at our prayer meeting at Mass, but we refuse, one is for loose, charismatic prayer, the other is liturgy and has a different flow. I like them both, but they are not the same.

    One problem is that having deprived the people of their outlet for more popular religious devotions, the secular has invaded their daily lives, and the popular religious devotional stuff has invaded the liturgy. We need to do various things to correct this, it is more than a musical problem.

    Secondly, speaking of inculturation and music -
    Because I am Irish, it has some interesting facets here. Firstly, what is my cultural heritage? For the first 80 years after independence, we sort of airbrushed out our heritage when part of the UK. This year, 2014, is the FIRST time there was an official commemoration of the tens of thousands of Irish men who fought and died in the FIRST World war. Politics is part of culture - and it can be distorting. We love our Georgian heritage of buildings, but neglect our Georgian heritage in music.

    Secondly, Irish traditional music is modal, because of the centuries of influence from monastic chant. So there is a natural fit between Irish tunes and Gregorian chant, something too few have explored in any decent way, though the best work to date is from this guy here. As well as being a sublime organist, he is a champion uilleann pipe player, so he understands both choral and church music and Irish music from the inside out. Most simply fdo not have that level of expertise.

    Ronan McDonagh and fuaimlaoi

    But there are also modern Irish composers (like Liam Lawton) whose brand of popified irishy liturgical music is like a (well words fail me, my charity left long ago.) Suffice it to say it is as really Irish as the 1950's Hollywood leprechaun, sure and begorrah.

    You can't have inculturation is you don't have a culture. Among the young here, the culture is predominantly pagan, anti-Catholic and secular. We don't need to incorporate that into the church, just the opposite, we need to go out and evangelise it.
  • You can read more about Mariachi here; the word existed in 1838 (i.e., pre-French) and one scholar derives it from Marian devotions called "Maria ce son" in Náhuatl/Latin creole around 1695. The music is indigenous to Jalisco, and WP:es also has an article on the pre-trumpet phase, Mariachi tradicional.
    If I were a young man of Spanish heritage I would...
    That would be a bit hard to tell, don't you think?
  • dad29
    Posts: 2,232
    You can't have inculturation is you don't have a culture. Among the young here, the culture is predominantly pagan, anti-Catholic and secular. We don't need to incorporate that into the church, just the opposite, we need to go out and evangelise it.


    Word.

    As B-16 reminded us, "cult" is the root of "culture," and "cult" has to do with What Is Worshipped (and how it is worshipped.)

    So yah: the Culture of Catholicism is not like the culture of secularism, and one could make the case that they are antitheses.
  • With pretty much any musical tradition, from blues to bluegrass, there are musicological debates as to exactly where, when, and how the style originated. Everyone wants to trace interesting musical movements back and pinpoint their roots - very difficult with something as fluid as musical culture. But historiography aside, the more important point is that Mariachi is not somehow "pure" Mexican culture, while other cultural mixes such as Mexican composers schooled in organ and polyphony are a purely foreign imposition. Or from another perspective, it is unfair to consider brass Mariachi bands as Mexican but pipe organs as foul European colonialism at work. Culture, especially musical culture, is always going to be a mix of influences. I simply object to the "Guitar and Mariachi or bust" oversimplification that seems to drive the American church's approach to Spanish-language music. And the accompanying disregard for the centuries-long Mexican tradition of sacred music informed by polyphony and organs.
  • It is all Irish. All culture in the world is Irish.
    The new world was settled from Europe.
    Europe was evangelised by Irish monks.
    Of course, before Ireland was Christian, we were trading down the west coast of Europe, to Greece and beyond.
    Undoubtedly we had huge spiritual influence, so even the parts of Hellenic culture that flowed into Catholicism before Patrick got to Ireland had already been changed by the contact with Ireland.
    And needless to say that had flowed further east.
    Then during the time of the British empire - so many Irish men or seeming Englishmen with actual Irish ancestry, spreading around the world.
    And king David had red hair (1 Samuel 16:12 " Now he was ruddy and had beautiful eyes and was handsome.) clearly showing Irish ancestry.
    And we all know that the whole world is descended from mitochondrial Eve, who migrated out of Africa.... and sure what have the Irish ever been doing but going off somewhere. We have only pooled in Ireland because it is an island and hard to get off.
    Yep - and Riverdance is only our latest quest of further world domination.
    Soon its going to be pole to pole Danny boy.
    Or something like that.
  • CharlesW
    Posts: 11,980
    And the Irish remain thoroughly full of it! ROFL.
    Thanked by 2Gavin Reval
  • ryandryand
    Posts: 1,640
    Stuff sounds just like the Mexican welders I work with listen to on their mariachi radio stations. Its no better than second-rate rock musicians playing to a captive audience ("youth mass") or aspiring broadway rejects getting sing-songy with theologically troubling sap ("contemporary"/"big 3"). Its all parody masses.

    Its "cultural" in the same sense as us gringos listening to 90's rock in the truck. Sure, to guys who grew up with that its the larger part of my experience in life. "Its part of my culture." So why can't I form a Nirvana-esque trio and sing at mass in that style?

    Because mass shouldn't sound like the work truck, whether its a gringo or chicano crew.
  • henry
    Posts: 244
    The three qualities of sacred music, if I recall correctly (as stated in the official Vatican document Musica Sacram 1967) is that it should have a holiness of sound, it should be beautiful, and it should be universal. Universality itself should trump the culture of any country. I believe Pope St John Paul said that the more music resembles Gregorian Chant, the more suitable it is for the liturgy.
  • dad29
    Posts: 2,232
    You'd be right, Henry. But BonnieBede will tell you that "Mother Machree" is actually Chant--the Introit from XXXUBY Sunday of the year. Or something.
  • Dear Bonniebede -
    You forgot to mention (tee-hee) that St Patrick was Anglo-Saxon.
    Oh, and the British royal family (tee-hee again) are descended from King David.
  • Jackson, mo chroi, every true Catholic holds to the true line of the British throne, I myself have wept at the tomb of dear Cardinal Henry Benedict Stuart, so fittingly buried in St Peters. Perhaps with the independence of Scotland we will see the Stuart line restored. The Scots, a marvellous, warlike race of poets, are of course, originally Irish.
    And we all know that we are sons of God by adoption and if that's good enough for God, it will be good enough for St Patrick, who is Irish by adoption, though of course , coming from either Brittany or Wales he was Celtic, which means he was already Irish, though not quite as Irish as he later became.

    That would be mother mo chroi, or 'mother of my heart' ; a more fitting title for our Lady I cannot imagine, after all in the book of Revelations she is referred to as the mother of all who keep the commandments of God (Rev12:17). And of course that nice angel, Michael went to her defence, he is obviously an Irish angel, pious and loves his mother, but likes a bit of a fight, and of course Michael is a very common Irish name. Mother mo chroi could go nicely on the feast of the Assumption.
  • Alas, Bonniebede - I rather doubt that if the Scots are so misguided as to opt out of Great Britain that any of them (or not very many of them) envisage a Stuart restoration. Perhaps, though, you and I can share angst over the so-called 'Glorious Revolution' and the impudent, impertinent, and grotesque usurpation of Charles II's Stuart throne by his brazen daughter.
    (Actually, I read in the New York Times today that many of the pro-secessionist Scots envisage keeping not only the pound sterling, but the queen! - It's all really quite strange, isn't it? .... as Maggie Smith might say in one of her 'moments' in Downton Abbey: 'um, what is a referendum!'.)

    (Oh... and if anyone wants to know what all this has to do with liturgy, chant, and the mission of the CMAA, tell them that but for the cheek of James II's daughter, Gregorian chant might well be the song of the Church of England today, and the holy father in Rome, not the crown, its 'Supreme Governor'.... as was guaranteed in Magna Carta's very first clause: 'the Church of England shall be free' [of royal meddling]).
    Thanked by 1JulieColl
  • CharlesW
    Posts: 11,980
    As my former pastor of 38 years often said, "The Irish ruined the Church." He was German, btw, but I knew what he meant. The 19th century immigrants brought with them a morbid, guilt-obsessed spirituality which the U.S. Germans did not share. Given conditions in Ireland, they came from a low, low, low church mentality. We still suffer the effects of that in the U.S. Church. For what it's worth, the liturgy celebrated by St. Patrick was more like the eastern liturgies than anything post-Trent people would recognize.
  • Liam
    Posts: 5,093
    "St Patrick was Anglo-Saxon."

    (Cough, cough). I think you meant to say Briton. As in the Britons who were conquered by Germanic invaders.
  • CharlesW
    Posts: 11,980
    Not to knock them, since that is not my intent, but a question that the more enlightened here can perhaps answer. Are the Irish who came to the U.S. in droves responsible for the low mass mentality that dominates here?
    Thanked by 1Gavin
  • dad29
    Posts: 2,232
    Chas: if you take "Why Catholics Can't Sing" seriously, yes, they were.

    So now we can discuss the Irish plot to stuff parishes with thousands of souls but only a 6-hour "window" to get them through their Sunday obligation, and churches with capacity for only 500-800 people.

    Prolly related to potato consumption.
    Thanked by 1Gavin
  • SalieriSalieri
    Posts: 3,177
    Are there any Plantagenets still alive?
  • GavinGavin
    Posts: 2,799
    Reading this thread reminds me of the Star Trek episode in which Pavel Chekov insists that Scotch was invented by "a little old lady in Leningrad."
  • CharlesW
    Posts: 11,980
    Dad, the reason I asked, is that the Irish could not celebrate a proper mass for centuries under British oppression. Masses were held, often secretly, and were simple affairs. That sounds a lot like low mass to me. Given all that, there couldn't have been a high mass tradition familiar to them.

    Stuff parishes? The Irish were no different than Hispanics today - and I don't know if they came legally or illegally since I don't know the laws in force at the time. Given the decline in mass attendance, many pastors would love to have their parishes "stuffed" with warm bodies, and if they could chip in on the collection, even better!
  • kenstb
    Posts: 369
    Salieri..
    In fact, there are descendants of the Plantagenet line still about. Their dna helped in identifying the remains of King Richard.
    Thanked by 1M. Jackson Osborn
  • dad29
    Posts: 2,232
    Chas: ....as outlined in the book "Why Catholics..." Same thing happened during wars, when Masses were held in the field.

    But there are other reasons for the Low Mass, such as a monastery (or seminary) full of priests, and only one could have a sung (presumably solemn high) Mass--the others were at side-altars, quietly saying their own. That was the case at the Milwaukee Seminary until around 1960 or so.

    So, while the Solemn High (or its licit deviation, the "High" Mass) remained the ideal, it was simply impractical or impossible to celebrate.