What makes a song a hymn?
  • bhcordovabhcordova
    Posts: 1,164
    A while back, I had a questions about carols and received a lot of very informative answers. Now, I ask - What makes a song a hymn?
  • If a song is a song nothing will make it a hymn...
    except...
    revised content and focus.

    A song may indeed be a religious song...
    it may be devotional in nature...
    is likely somewhat subjective in focus...
    is less likely to have a fundamentally theological bent...

    A hymn is focused totally on the deity....
    it is not concerned with subjective experience...
    it is fundamentally theological in substance and content

    Thus -
    songs like 'Just as I am without one plea', 'Were you there...', 'We gather together...', 'Here am I, Lord'. and so forth are not hymns. They are about me, we, us, etc., and how we feel. Nearly all the sorts of songs sung as 'gathering hymns' fall into this category and are totally in-apt for liturgy... private or extra-liturgical devotion, perhaps, but not liturgy, which is focused totally upon God. (We will not go into the matter of 'gathering' itself being a concept foreign to the mass, because it focuses on 'us'. We do not 'gather'.... we 'enter into his courts with praise'.... praise of him.)

    Thus -
    hymns such as 'Immortal, invisible...', 'Praise, my soul...', 'Holy God, we praise thy Name', and so forth are hymns. A hymn, by definition, extols the deity, Who, in the case of Christians, is the Triune God, the One and Only True and Living God.

    This is not to suggest that 'songs' are worthless. Quite the contrary. But their proper place is not the God-oriented mass.

    Then, there are some which rather straddle the line, such as 'Come down, O love divine', or 'Adoro te', which is replete with theology and adoration, but from a studied subjective perspective.

    Of course, this is all about text. The matter of music-text marriage is for another discussion. Suffice it to say that a 'hymn' or a 'song' is the text, as distinct from whatever tune to which it may be sung.

    One of the most disappointing things about too many of our Catholic 'hymnals' is the number of songs (not hymns) that focus on trendy social issues and paraphrase scripture in a manner so as to re-inforce them. Of course, there is nothing at all (really, there isn't) with being made aware of these issues, but the mass is not the forum for singing about them. Bible study in the parish hall, maybe. Other forms of devotion and ministry, yes. But the mass is where we worship God and focus entirely on his Triune majesty and the unbelievably sacred eucharistical act. Anything that does not serve this inviolable focus is foreign utterly to the mass.

    Thanked by 2hilluminar CHGiffen
  • Adam WoodAdam Wood
    Posts: 6,482
    Song and hymn are not ontological categories. And their definitions have changed over time.

    For example --- in the Episcopal Church, "hymn" means, specifically, "an authorized piece of music, intended to be sung by the congregation." (As opposed to an "anthem," which is sung by a choir. Or a "Canticle," which is non-metrical poetic text which may be sung by either choir or congregation, and may be sung in metrical paraphrase. Or a "song," which usually means an unauthorized [non-hymnal] piece of music sung by the congregation.)

    What's your favorite hymn?
    335


    I don't know that the Catholic church has "official" definitions, or even semi-official ones. However the Catholic church does have a body of official hymnody, the Office hymns, which could be said to define the criteria of what should be considered a hymn and what not.

    What's your favorite hymn?
    Conditor Alme Siderum


    Musicologically...

    When people speak of "hymns" they are talking about a genre of religious song with some specific characteristics: metrical texts with multiple stanzas.

    Some people consider only the text to be "the hymn," while the music is just the "tune."

    What's your favorite hymn?
    Take Up Thy Cross. I like the tune used in the 1940 a lot, and WALY WALY is okay. But I especially like BOURBON from the 1982.


    Others speak of "hymn-texts" and "hymn-tunes," in a way that makes it seem as if they mean that a hymn is specifically only the combination of both text and tune.

    What's your favorite hymn?
    Take Up Your Cross, set to BOURBON as in the 1982


    Many people don't realize these distinctions.
    What's your favorite hymn?
    Take Up Your Cross
    Oh, I love that one, too. ::Singing::
    That isn't how it goes.



    It's important to realize, of course, that many people through history --- and still today --- have used the word "hymn" to mean any spiritual or religious song, not just spiritual songs with certain poetic and metrical characteristics:

    What's your favorite hymn?
    Shine Jesus Shine


    In some places, "Hymn" is used to mean, "old songs they use at traditional worship" as opposed to newer Praise and Worship songs.

    What's your favorite hymn?
    Shine Jesus Shine
    No, I mean hymn.
    Oh, um. I dunno. Amazing Grace, maybe.


    Thanked by 1cmb
  • bhcordovabhcordova
    Posts: 1,164
    @ M. Jackson. I am using the term 'song' to indicate a musical piece with a vocal component as opposed to an instrumental musical piece, so all hymns would be songs, but not all songs hymns.
    Thanked by 1Adam Wood