Tra le sollecitudini and the "Great" Masses
  • Palestrina
    Posts: 422
    Straw man argument, Salieri. Where have I said that everything stops with Palestrina? I haven't. Pius X didn't either. There's stuff that you can use, but you must be selective. The Bruckner Cecilian motets would be an example - Leaving out, of course, the ridiculous 'Ecce Sacerdos Magnus', which is more suited to an installment of 'Lord of the Rings' than a liturgical function! In fact, why don't you look at what all the musical reformers of the early 20th century were editing? Richard Terry brought us Byrd (and all those fantastic 'Downside' editions), Casimiri brought us plenty of good Italian polyphony etc.

    I'm not going to go through your shopping list of composers, but wouldn't mind just pointing out that RVW wrote the Mass in G Minor for Westminster Cathedral under the guidance of its then Director of Music, Richard Terry...

    As to the earlier polyphonic composers. Trent obviously had something to say about music because there were problems with intelligibility of text and suchlike. Some benchmarks must also be created for these older repertoires and *gasp* not all of them are suitable for liturgical use.

    I have read Dr Mahrt's book and agree with the content almost in its entirety. My one major point of disagreement is on the subject of orchestral Masses: it is clear that the Viennese settings were to be scrapped because they were considered too theatrical. I see no reason for their revival, now or ever: Richard Terry wrote well on this point.
  • SalieriSalieri
    Posts: 3,177
    Straw man argument

    Thank you, and it was intended as such. It was also intended to be a warning as to how far this argument, and any argument regarding documents by dead people from a century ago, can go. (Whether it is orchestral Masses, or women singing in the choir, or whatever.)

    Tra le is a wonderful document, but it needs to be read in its proper context, not in a vacuum, and also taking into account subsequent legislation and continuing praxis, otherwise it is used as a WMD, fired about at unsuspecting and unknowing people who take this relatively minor legislative document as Gospel. Tra le can be dangerous.

    I have to ask, however: You "see no reason for their revival, now or ever" based on your taste, your reading of this document, and Sir Richard Terry's writing; I see the some good reasons for a very careful revival of some of the best of these works, based on my taste, my reading of this and subsequent documents, and Cardinal Ratzinger/Benedict XVI's writing; what makes your opinion on this better than mine, or mine better than yours? Could it be, possibly, that both opinions are equally (in)valid?
  • SalieriSalieri
    Posts: 3,177
    Now, having said all of that, just playing Devil's Advocate here, and not really intending to beat a dead horse:

    RVW's Mass in G minor contains the same harmonic and melodic language as his secular music, such as the Pastoral Symphony, Tallis Fantasia, folk-song and carol settings, etc. What is it that makes that Mass so different from the rest of his output that marks it out as acceptable to church use? You could easily take that Mass, score it for string quartet and double string orchestra and call it 'concerto grosso' or something and it would work just as well. What makes it worthy of the temple and not the concert hall?
  • dad29
    Posts: 2,232
    regarding the "Sanctus," I can only think of one hand full of settings that meet my criteria regarding the metaphysical aspects of a conjoined choir between heaven and earth, and the Faure is at the top of that list, IMO


    Yah, but Wolfie's Sanctus from "Coronation" is better. Is so. Is so.
  • Palestrina
    Posts: 422
    Salieri, show me where subsequent papal legislation on sacred music ever contradicted Pius X. You won't be able to show me later exceptions for orchestral Masses because they don't exist. If you try on the argument that they've been done here, there and everywhere for X years, I'll simply tell you that on that basis, the CMAA had better start promoting folk Masses as well. Pius X's principles were sound. Subsequent legislation only ever clarified these and largely worked with their boundaries. People can try to rewrite history, or get on with the business of singing good liturgical music. With thousands of fine, liturgical and licit works out there, I don't see why anyone would even bother with Vienna. If you like that aesthetic, super - find something in it that isn't full of those stupid soprano arias.

    As to RVW, the harmonic language is entirely is own. The gesture, declamation, form and so on is perfectly liturgical. Clear texts, lack of repetition etc. You could boil the thing down and end up with Casiolini: it clearly comes from a long tradition, and you can see Terry's fingerprints all over it.
  • dad29
    Posts: 2,232
    There's stuff that you can use, but you must be selective. The Bruckner Cecilian motets would be an example


    And not his E minor Mass?

    Salieri's right. He believes in the hermeneutic of continuity. What Pio X wrote was accurate and remains valuable: the music should be 'holy, beautiful, and universal' and elevate the minds and hearts of the faithful to God.

    I'm sure you know that one recent Pope also banned 'concerts' in church buildings. A good friend of mine, very knowledgeable in Roman affairs, told me that that particular ban was written for churches in the Diocese of Rome which had a serious problem (at the time) with very undesirable practices surrounding those "events."

    However, the language is clear: NO CONCERTS IN CHURCHES. That will come as a very big surprise to almost every Bishop in the West.
    Thanked by 1MatthewRoth
  • Palestrina
    Posts: 422
    No, not the E Minor Mass, dad29. Definitely not!

    Attempts to subvert Pius X's legislation by having recourse to the 'heremeneutic of continuity' are flawed: Pius X supported modern works (ie. post Palestrina) but only when these complied with liturgical laws. Mozart and friends didn't and were booted.

    As to concerts on church buildings - name the Pope!! As far as I remember, Pius XII basically said, 'Fine, but remove the Blessed Sacrament (so that you can perform your Mozart Masses and so on outside the liturgy) and ideally, these kinds of things should end with benediction.'
  • francis
    Posts: 10,825
    Concerts in churches... a real problem... Jesus should NEVER be removed from his throne so the children can play non-sacred (sometimes unholy? sometimes secular?) works. Religious music that parallels a devotion might be different, but it should be seen as a devotion with music.

    Orchestral masses. An aberration to the central focus. Sacrifice.
    Thanked by 1Palestrina
  • Write the Black, Laugh at the Purple.
    Thanked by 2CHGiffen CharlesW
  • francis - the Congregation for Divine Worship does not agree with you that we should never have concerts in churches. Nor do the popes of the twentieth century. But I am in full agreement that music must be sacred for church concerts. Maybe that's all you are saying - if so, my apologies.

    Palestrina - I think you oversimplify the case. And I am not one who advocates for liturgical use of orchestral masses - quite the opposite. The fact that you think the Bruckner E minor mass unsuitable is one example of oversimplification. That mass is more pointedly stile antico than even his Cecilian motets. The head motive from the Sanctus is actually copied from the Palestrina Missa Brevis. The accompaniment is spare and does not include strings (and is essentially a wind-band equivalent of an organ accompaniment as the mass was first performed outdoors). And the Mozart Requiem contains a more pointedly "churchy" approach in its layered polyphonic entrances than much of Mozart. This work and the C minor Mass show the effect of Mozart's interaction with Bach and Renaissance polyphony late in his career. The real question is how Mozart's more polyphonic "serious" church music would have developed had he not died just as he began his forays into the style. One of the great questions of Western music right there. At any rate, not all Mozart or Bruckner is created equal in terms of liturgical suitability or sacred ethos. And I would be very worried with an approach than only accepts neo-Renaissance efforts as suitable for liturgy. Kevin Allen is OK, I suppose, but not James MacMillan...
    If that overly conservative mentality were the true measure of the sacred in music, then we would never have had polyphony in the first place, or pipe organs (and there was plenty of push-back when polyphony appeared on the scene so this is not idle speculation).

    There is also the question of what 'theatrical' means. Certainly in Mozart's time some similarities would have been more obvious. But more importantly - do his masses sound like any modern theatrical music? Do they carry theatrical connotations for most laypeople today? I highly doubt that. The passage of time and changing cultural context may actually be an argument in favor of those works - in other words, they may be more appropriate and less theatrical today than they were in 18th century Vienna.
    As another example, nobody nowdays hears madrigalisms (e.g. dissonance as text painting for words like "anguish" or "die") as a secular or theatrical thing. But there was a time when they were a new influence in the world of Renaissance polyphony.
    I suspect that what some consider "theatrical" in a Mozart Mass I would simply call "distracting" (e.g. an overly virtuosic solo line or dramatic thundering of timpani), since there is no real theatrical connotation for these things in our modern culture. I would avoid that piece liturgically because of the distraction, not because it conjures up images from Hollywood or Broadway.
  • dad29
    Posts: 2,232
    IIRC the concert-banner was either Paul VI or JPII, and I'm leaning Paul VI. Obviously I don't have the documentation handy....nor am I going to dig for 2 hours to find it. But it does exist; it was surprising enough to me that it was memorable.

  • francis
    Posts: 10,825
    I suspect that what some consider "theatrical" in a Mozart Mass I would simply call "distracting" (e.g. an overly virtuosic solo line or dramatic thundering of timpani), since there is no real theatrical connotation for these things in our modern culture. I would avoid that piece liturgically because of the distraction, not because it conjures up images from Hollywood or Broadway.
    Well said. Theatre is theatre, whether it's Mozart or Godspell.
    francis - the Congregation for Divine Worship does not agree with you that we should never have concerts in churches. Nor do the popes of the twentieth century. But I am in full agreement that music must be sacred for church concerts. Maybe that's all you are saying - if so, my apologies.
    You can't stand behind questionable teaching, even if it comes from the vatican offices. Anything goes this day and age, and nothing is ever corrected, questioned or challenged. JP II was also one of the primary proponents of the Assisi gathering, and I will say no more. Does that mean we should ALSO put statues of the Buddah on top of the tabernacle in all our churches?
    Thanked by 1Palestrina
  • chonakchonak
    Posts: 9,216
    The 1987 document on concerts in churches can be found. I found it by using my exquisitely refined Google-fu skills. That is, I typed in the words "concerts in churches".

    http://www.ewtn.com/library/CURIA/CDWCONC.HTM
  • Palestrina
    Posts: 422
    Mozart still reeks of opera, I'm afraid.
  • kenstb
    Posts: 369
    Francis, was that last comment argument by exaggeration? I hope so.
  • francis
    Posts: 10,825
    No. Unfortunately, it is true.

    UPDATE:

    Just google "assisi, buddha, tabernacle" and you will see pics and read reports