When is it appropriate to refrain from singing every verse?
  • canadashcanadash
    Posts: 1,501
    Today I cantored a funeral with an organist who has never been my accompanist. The funeral was not at my home parish so I go along with whatever I am told.

    The offertory hymn was Schubert's "Ave Maria." I asked the organist if we could sing only the first verse if Father was finished preparing the altar. She was quite opposed to the idea of cutting the prayer in half. Of course, I think of the "Ave Maria" as a prayer, but never thought much of cutting it short if the priest was finished preparing the altar for the Offertory.

    What are your opinions? I'm curious to see where this thread will lead as well. It's always a bit of a mystery.
  • CharlesW
    Posts: 11,980
    Father can wait. It is not all about him, although some priests think it is. If time is a factor, the sermon is usually the longest item in the mass. Cutting some off that would be the greatest time saver. I took the stopwatch with me one Sunday, and "music time" was nowhere near as lengthy as "talk time." As a courtesy, I do inform the priest that the offertory music will run "x" number of minutes, so he can adjust to that. No one likes last minute surprises, and the priests have been appreciative when informed.
  • donr
    Posts: 971
    I would never have programmed Schubert's "Ave Maria" for Offertory at a wedding. The Liturgical flow is interrupted when the priest is standing there waiting for it to be over.

    However, If the song is requested I always program it if flowers are presented to the Blessed Virgin Mary. It never hurts to have the Bride and Groom kneel before the BVM for an extended time together as a couple.
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  • donr
    Posts: 971
    ... and I would never split up the Hail Mary, just like I wouldn't split up any other prayer.
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  • ClergetKubiszClergetKubisz
    Posts: 1,912
    I wouldn't split an established prayer, as many will recognize when the prayer is not complete. As for the priest waiting: I think that's fine. In the EF the priest waits for the music and I don't think the flow is impeded at all.
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  • In the EF the priest waits for the music


    Yes, music that is part of the Mass - not the propers. Nor should he have to at an OF Mass either.
  • The propers are part of the mass, and the priest may have to wait for them, though usually doesn't have to.
    Jubilate Deo, for example, is a rather long Offertory chant, and the celebrant may need to wait a small bit if we are talking about a sung mass without incense.
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  • And about the Schubert Ave Maria- I have no problem singing only one verse, as that particular prayer was traditionally shorter, stopping at "Jesus".
    Thanked by 1canadash
  • G
    Posts: 1,400
    At weddings in particular I often sing only one verse of the Schubert -- and I amend the last iteration of "ave Maria," to "amen."
    But at funerals, because of the words of the second "verse" of the prayer itself, I try to do both, (unless I know for a fact that the priest will be having conniptions, and really, he should be as prepared for the fact that at a funeral things may be a bit different from usual as I.)
    And I also end with an "amen."

    (Save the Liturgy, Save the World)
    Thanked by 2CHGiffen canadash
  • BenBen
    Posts: 3,114
    Specifically refering to the ave maria, there is also an antiphon with the text "Ave Maria, gratia plena, Dominus tecum. Benedicta tu in mulieribus. Alleluia," so I would have no problem in that instance cutting it short, based on the precedence of a shorter version being used liturgically.
  • G and Ben, yup and yup.
    Good considerations.
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  • It was Schubert's Ave Maria, so

    1) As a super-well-known piece, it will be missed (and commented on) if truncated.
    2) (channeling a Conservatory prank) I would encourage the singing of it with all stops pushed firmly in, and the soloist encouraged to sing through a bandana.

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  • lagunaredbob
    Posts: 161

    I concur with Ben as he solves the problem for both musician and priest, and I strongly agree with DonR.

    What I largely see here in Manila is an overly and unduly waiting of the priest for the inappropriately prepared anthem for offertory, usually "happy, clappy" (for that matter Entrance and Communion where in each case the priest is left standing, waiting, waiting, waiting) extending for almost 10 minutes! Sometimes all verses are sung of a "song" just for the sake of finishing all six or seven verses, no liturgical sensibility, sensitivity seems to be in play ... for the sake of the pace, shape and flow of the Mass, careful preparing and planning of an appropriate anthem, motet, antiphon to cover the these elements of Mass need careful attention. Either that or instruct the priest to take a Starbucks break.

    Neither is the Mass about the musician as much as it has been pointed out that it is not about the priest.
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  • BenBen
    Posts: 3,114
    The problems of this thread could be solved if two things happened: 1) pieces were picked with more inind than simply enjoying a piece and 2) picking propers, which can be extended or stopped with verses.
  • lagunaredbob
    Posts: 161

    Yes!
  • melofluentmelofluent
    Posts: 4,160
    I have to, as resident curmudgeon, ask a few queries.
    Does anyone herein believe that the "Ave Maria" was crafted from a whole cloth?
    "Hail, full of grace....." Luke 1
    "Holy Mary, mother of God...." not clearly defined for centuries later.
    My intention is not to debate this traditional prayer. But it is an amalgam. As are many prayers we have codified.
    Passed that now. We had a bride who so wanted to process to "Ave Maria (Schubert)" But her procession would only bear the action through the first half. She venerated the BVM after Communion to the second half. Houston, do we have a problem?
    Many here may not know that "In Paradisum" and "Chorus Angelli" are two distinctly unique hymns-prayers attached to the final commendation. But those of us fortunate to be enabled to chant them either as the culmination of the commendation or as the "hymn" after the dismissal, would we ever conceive of rendering them separately? No, it's customary.
    Now, reconsider the conception of the AM. I, in both citations believe they need to remain integral. But I, I, am not reality.
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  • donr
    Posts: 971
    I always sing the proper Antiphon for Offertory. Then a short hymn of no more than 3 verses. By the time the 3rd verse is wrapping up the priest is usually doing the ceremonial washing of the hands.
    The timing is usually perfect. In the odd case that it is not its because we ended a little early. I simply have the accompanist play a very short variation of the piece and we're golden.
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  • CharlesW
    Posts: 11,980
    The priest usually incenses the altar which makes more time available for music.
  • Liam
    Posts: 5,093
    The liturgical purpose of singing the Ave at a *funeral* is the second half of the prayer.
  • Singing Schubert's or anyone else's Ave Maria as an offertory at any mass is totally out of place. We are not to offer prayers or supplications to any other than God during the mass. We have had this discussion before. Yes, 'Ave Maria' is the biblical text for the offertory at several Marian feasts. But this is not exactly as a prayer: it is, as are most of the propers, a quotation from scripture that supports the day's theme or doctrine. Art song versions of this text are never appropriate during any mass. They are not really liturgical music at all. That said, if one is going to sing something, then sing all of it or none of it.
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  • donr
    Posts: 971
    MJO, I understand what you are stating above and agree. However, please correct me if I'm wrong but due to the fact that you do not need to celebrate the Eucharist at a wedding, isn't the Liturgy for Nuptuals different than a regular Mass.
    I mean there are plenty of things that go on during a wedding (exchanging rings, flowers to Our Lady, rope tied around the wrists, etc) that would include additional musical settings.
    Although I would agree that the music at Offertory should be what is proper to the Mass, at a wedding I see nothing wrong with "Ave Maria" for those other times.
  • The propers are part of the mass, and the priest may have to wait for them, though usually doesn't have to.


    The propers - in the GIRM it instructs that music is not to hold up the mass, which is why propers are sung with additional verses to extend the music for the length of the procession, another reason why propers are preferable to hymns, which cannot easily be stopped in mid-verse when the celebrant and Mass are ready to proceed. But you knew that.

    The propers are short. The verses extend them.
  • An interesting question, donr. I should think that one would be guided in musical choices for the nuptial office as one would for any other office. Such offices are not the place for the worship of or prayer to any but God himself. What happens before or after such offices and rituals have been initiated or ended is another matter, which, of course, should be an occasion for the taste and propriety appropriate to what is attached before or after a sacred act. Even in the choir offices, seasonal votive Marian antiphons follow the offices. They are not integral to them. Always follow the rubrics whether of mass, office or ritual. Sing when the rubrics permit, and sing to God, who is the object of our devotion.
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  • bfranckbfranck
    Posts: 23
    Let's look at it this way. Would one consider saying only one-half of the Our Father or the Nicene Creed? Better yet, how about one-half of the Star Spangled Banner? What message is being given to those sitting in the pews about the importance of the music at Mass? If it is there only to fill in the dead spaces, get the priest to the altar at the beginning or cover the action during the presentation and preparation of the gifts until the priest has completed washing his hands, how can we expect the congregation then to put a lot of effort and enthusiasm into singing?
    In my new position as organist for St. John the Baptist Church of Winslow, Maine, I have made a conscious decision to instruct the cantors that we will sing all of the verses of every hymn with the exception of the closing song, for obvious reasons. Once the priest has left the altar it is futile to continue singing when the people start to leave the church in droves or begin talking very loudly. I have even gone one step further by playing the entire hymn all the way through as an introduction, again, except when there is a decided separation between verse and refrain. In such cases, a play through of the refrain will suffice.
    I could not do any of this without the support of the clergy who share, for the most part, my vision on the role of music within Catholic liturgy. It is high time that we bring the Church into the 21st century and make a strong statement about the value of music within the liturgy. After all, are we not just simply bringing the Church into line with the mainstream Protestant sector, where this is the norm?
  • chonakchonak
    Posts: 9,216
    I can't help recalling that Schubert didn't even set the words of the Ave Maria prayer to this melody; his text was a German adaptation of Walter Scott's poetry.

    Is it known who set the Latin text of the Ave Maria to it; and how much of it they set?

    And can we admit that the setting is really strained and artificial?
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  • BenBen
    Posts: 3,114
    Singing Schubert's or anyone else's Ave Maria as an offertory at any mass is totally out of place. We are not to offer prayers or supplications to any other than God during the mass. We have had this discussion before. Yes, 'Ave Maria' is the biblical text for the offertory at several Marian feasts. But this is not exactly as a prayer: it is, as are most of the propers, a quotation from scripture that supports the day's theme or doctrine.


    Sorry, but this post is all over the place. First, you say that the text of the Ave is always out of place liturgically at the offertory because it's nature is contrary to the offertory.

    Then you acknowledge that it's the primary text preferred by the church for some occasions.

    I'm confused.
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  • donr
    Posts: 971
    Don't be confused Ben, I believe he was referring to the 'Ave Maria' being sung during other times than what is called for. Obviously there are times when the text is appropriate to the celebration on that day.
  • A lot of unnecessary mental gymnastics going on here. For example, honestly, MJO, in what sense is the Ave Maria not a prayer? In what sense is any portion of scripture used in the proper texts not a prayer? If we are not singing prayers, then what- we're singing statements that aren't also prayers but that jive with the supposed theme of the day? I don't see where you'd get that idea.

    There is no shame and no harm with singing one verse of the Latin adaptation of Schubert's piece if time considerations are involved. There are enough headaches as a church musician. Let's not pile them higher.

    Chonak asks a good question. Who fit Schubert's German art song with a Latin prayer? I'm curious...

    As to your last question, Chonak, YES! (Forgive the all caps but I admit to raising my voice on this one.)
  • chonakchonak
    Posts: 9,216
    I think I understand MJO's objection: the Ave Maria prayer is devotional and not liturgical. Moreover, it is addressed to a saint and not to God, as all the liturgical prayers are.

    Are these concerns too much inclined to a sort of purism? Certainly Eastern Catholics would not follow those objections, since the Byzantine liturgy includes the 'hirmos' hymn addressed to our Lady, a hymn which the people sing during the second part of the sacred anaphora, no less!

    One way to cope with MJO's objection is by not singing the whole Ave Maria prayer. By limiting oneself to the first half, that is, to the text which appears in the Graduale Romanum, we can know that the soloist is presenting a genuine liturgical text, borrowed from its normal place in the calendar and used in a wedding Mass.
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  • BenBen
    Posts: 3,114
    Don't be confused Ben, I believe he was referring to the 'Ave Maria' being sung during other times than what is called for. Obviously there are times when the text is appropriate to the celebration on that day.


    That's not what he said though. He tried to make the argument that the text of the Ave Maria was inappropriate during the offertory rite itself at (and I quote:) "any" Mass.
  • BenBen
    Posts: 3,114
    One way to cope with MJO's objection is by not singing the whole Ave Maria prayer. By limiting oneself to the first half, that is, to the text which appears in the Graduale Romanum, we can know that the soloist is presenting a genuine liturgical text, borrowed from its normal place in the calendar and used in a wedding Mass.


    Seems like a very sensible solution for the scrupulous. Liturgically speaking, I am most familiar with Ravenello's Ave, which uses the GR text.

    Though I still disagree with the meat of what you're saying. The prayer is addressed to Mary, but even if you just use the scriptural GR text, it's still addressed to Mary. It's the same offertory text not only used for some marian feasts, but also for Advent IV.

    If you would have made the case that it's not the best to use on all occasions, I would give you that as an opinion and forget about it, but you portray the theology of the ave as something opposed to the theology of the offertory, which is clearly not the case, because the church recommends it to be used on occasion.
  • chonakchonak
    Posts: 9,216
    Well, I'm not presenting the objection as my personal view.

    In any case, using just the first half lets us treat the piece as a meditation on the Annunciation, including the role of the Holy Spirit and of St. Gabriel. In contrast, the whole Ave Maria would come across more narrowly as a petition from us (and therefore not properly liturgical).
  • Is the Litany of Saints not a liturgical prayer?

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  • CharlesW
    Posts: 11,980
    The Schubert "Ave" is what I call diva Viagra. They love it and so do most of the people. Unfortunately, all those divas don't know it quite as well as they think. I played a memorial mass for a "pillar of the parish" lady where the granddaughter insisted on singing the Schubert. The problem was that she knew only the first verse, so she sang it twice.

    Those divas have problems with the key about half the time. "Can you transpose it?" seems the constant cry. When I feel particularly wicked, I modulate around on the keyboard - at practice, of course - then come back to the printed score key. Most of them can't tell the difference and can sing it where it is written.

    There is a book available with the Schubert and the Malotte Lord's Prayer in numerous keys. Not a bad thing to have for funerals and weddings where many of the requests for both seem to most often appear.
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  • cmbearer
    Posts: 75
    I can't help recalling that Schubert didn't even set the words of the Ave Maria prayer to this melody; his text was a German adaptation of Walter Scott's poetry.

    Is it known who set the Latin text of the Ave Maria to it; and how much of it they set?


    I believe this is correct, though I am not sure either of who set the Latin text to the melody.

    However, I have a cantor at my parish who introduced me to a version where the Latin has been "re-set" so it fits into one pass through the song. Both verses are condensed, so the whole prayer is sung in one verse. We use this version quite often to curtail the issues discussed above. If anyone is interested, I have a copy at my office that I can upload later when I get there.
  • melofluentmelofluent
    Posts: 4,160
    A lot of unnecessary mental gymnastics going on here.

    Precisely, MACW. Very few of us actually visit each other "in action," so I don't see the point of Monday morning quarterbacking. It's obvious that the choice to employ the Schubert within the Mass is heavily weighted by "conventional Catholicism" and its status as a "sacred cow" (in the Hindu sense) which is customary.
    I've noticed at the Corpus Christi thread the programming of the Franck "Panis..." at offertory and elsewhere. It's not my place to call the question of wisdom of this decision as I presume my colleagues know better than I how to serve their folks' worship arts. This "conventional Catholicism" repertoire would likely include GPdP's "Sicut...", Mozart's "Ave Verum..." , Tallis' "If ye love..." and you name it. None of those qualify as "The wind beneath my wings" as inherently harmful to the people's sensibilities while at licit worship. So, do carry on if we must. But I think we likely have exhausted the autopsy of this particular piece of music.
  • GavinGavin
    Posts: 2,799
    I have made a conscious decision to instruct the cantors that we will sing all of the verses of every hymn with the exception of the closing song, for obvious reasons. Once the priest has left the altar it is futile to continue singing when the people start to leave the church in droves or begin talking very loudly.


    bfrank, why not ask your priest to stay at the altar until the last verse of the hymn? I've been at many churches where this is done. Upsettingly, a Catholic congregation will always collapse into chaotic and barbarous behavior during the hymn, but I find they will wait until the priest has left the altar to do so. I've never witnessed a congregation fail to sing the hymn while the priest is in their line of sight.

    Alternatively, you may easily do away with the closing hymn. If people complain, point out to the complainer that he himself was probably content to only sing one verse!

    If it does violence to the hymn to cut verses at the Entrance, it does violence to cut them after Mass.
  • G
    Posts: 1,400
    We are not to offer prayers or supplications to any other than God during the mass.

    Ideo precor beatam Mariam semper Virginem,
    omnes Angelos et Sanctos,
    et vos, fratres,
    orare pro me

    (Save the Liturgy, Save the World)
  • CharlesW
    Posts: 11,980
    Not offer prayers to any other God? Are you serious? There are praises sung and prayers offered every week all across the country to the god known by his sign, $$$.
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  • chonakchonak
    Posts: 9,216
    Is the Litany of Saints not a liturgical prayer?


    Well, it is a special case. It starts and ends with petitions to God, which we can't say of the Ave Maria. It appears in the rites of sacraments other than the Eucharist. Are there any cases where it appears in Mass, apart from the ritual Masses?
  • The Litany of the Saints, when sung, is also the main action occurring when it is sung.

    To answer the titular question of this thread, you need to differentiate music which accompanies the action and music that is the action.

    The Gloria is the action. The Communio accompanies the action. Yes, it's more than just that, but bear with me. Communion happens with or without the Communio. Neither the Gloria nor the Litany of the Saints happen unless they are sung.

    I think it can be in bad taste to omit verses from a hymn, depending on the hymn. However, the length of the action should have been considered when preparing for the liturgy, not in the moment itself. If I chose a piece (that cannot be disrupted) that goes far longer than the action it accompanies, I made a poor choice.
  • The Easter Vigil contains the Litany of Saints, for one example. The fact that it begins and ends with petitions to God is wonderful, of course.

    That reminds us of dulia, hyperdulia, and latria- all of which are found in various texts of the mass. See G's comment, too.

    We praise God in His angels and in His saints. We ask them for prayers. I don't see the problem here.
  • chonakchonak
    Posts: 9,216
    Andrew's observation is apt. When the priest is making the prayers of the offertory, is it fitting for the vocalist to address a petition univocally to our blessed Lady ("pray for us sinners now")? The Litany of Saints isn't a secondary item coinciding with some other action.

    Admittedly, some offertory propers are strange companions for the rite: e.g., There once was a man named Job... and he lost this and that, and ended up covered with sores.

  • With respect to an esteemed musician, the statement below is not accurate in that it dismisses authentic liturgical prayers. We would not want new church musicians seeing this, with little liturgical formation, to be misled.

    We are not to offer prayers or supplications to any other than God during the mass.


    That statement is untrue. In fact, several instances have been shown on this thread where liturgical prayers are offered to God via his angels and saints, and where angels and saints are addressed directly and given fitting veneration as faithful creatures of God. This is fitting and acceptable because of the Catholic dogma regarding dulia, hyperdulia, and latria.


    The judgment involved in choosing an Ave Maria as an added musical prayer when it is not called for in any given specific liturgy is a separate question. I personally find Andrew's response to that question most helpful.


  • Ideo precor beatam Mariam semper Virginem,
    omnes Angelos et Sanctos,
    et vos, fratres,
    orare pro me


    It's worse than this! Others are mentioned specifically:


    Ideo precor beatam Mariam semper Virginem,
    Beatum Michaelum Archangelum,
    Beatum Joannem Baptistam
    Sanctos Apostolos Petrum et Paulum
    Omnes Sanctos et te pater
    Orare pro me
  • And, on the lighter side of things, the Diva viagra label is hilarious. Its been true in my experience. What does one give Aunt Tiddle, who sings reasonably well though not trained and not practiced? The Schubert Ave Maria, of course! Never mind the rhythm, correct articulation of ornaments, etc. Anyone can sing it... well, sort of. Has there been any other piece so horridly, so routinely butchered?

    Not that you are part of the problem, Canadash- I'm not saying that at all.
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  • melofluentmelofluent
    Posts: 4,160
    Has there been any other piece so horridly, so routinely butchered?

    The Malotte and the Franck, three way tie .
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  • canadashcanadash
    Posts: 1,501
    Well, you didn't hear me MaryAnn... you may have thought so! :)

  • Richard MixRichard Mix
    Posts: 2,799
    Those divas have problems with the key about half the time. "Can you transpose it?" seems the constant cry. When I feel particularly wicked, I modulate around on the keyboard - at practice, of course - then come back to the printed score key. Most of them can't tell the difference and can sing it where it is written.

    They're evidently not the only ones with a problem.
    Thanked by 1noel jones, aago
  • CharlesW
    Posts: 11,980
    Well don't we just all wish we had the money to hire professionals. We would still have problems, just different problems. And, of course, the problem altos who want to sing "Ave" all think they are sopranos, which makes the multi-key book worth the money.
  • mrcoppermrcopper
    Posts: 653
    Interesting comments back and forth. One small factor, Shubert's music with the text of Ave Maria is really a very very very good setting: doesn't that indicate allowing it to be sung in full, and preparing the priest if necessary to delay starting whatever he is to do so that he ends approximately at the end of the aria?